Description
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
Client
連上DHCP Server
後,server
會提供IP
、gateway
、DNS server
給client
Clients request
使用 UDP port 68Server response
使用 UDP port 67
Environment
DHCP Server - Ubuntu 14.04
- Network - Host-Only 網段 192.168.8.0
DHCP Clients - Ubuntu 14.04(test1) and Ubuntu 14.04(test2)
- Netwok - 網卡設定(VMware)成跟 Server 一樣
Installing DHCP in DHCP Server
[itachi@ubuntu:~] sudo apt install isc-dhcp-server -y
DHCP Server Setting
DHCP 接口
[itachi@ubuntu:~] vi /etc/default/isc-dhcp-server
INTERFACES="eth0" # 接口上提供DHCP請求,可以多個。
網路設定
DHCP Server
設定 static Network
[itachi@ubuntu:~] vi /etc/network/interfaces
iface eth0 inet static # 虛擬機預設是 DHCP ,更改成 Static IP
address 192.168.8.XX # 必須是 Host-only 網段上的 IP
netmask 255.255.255.0 # 遮罩
gateway 192.168.8.1 # 閘道
dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 # dns
Configuring DHCP in DHCP Server
DHCP configuration file
/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
# 設定一些資訊給DHCP Client 端
[itachi@ubuntu:~] vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
# 全域設定
ddns-update-style none; # 支援 ddns (Dynamic DNS) 更新,IP
# 這個選項一定要存在才不會有錯誤。
option domain-name "com.tw"; # 域名
option domain-name-servers ns1.com.tw, ns2.com.tw; # DNS
default-lease-time 3600; # 預設租期時間長度(秒)
max-lease-time 7200; # 租期到可續租,但最大租期時間(秒)
authoritative; # DHCP Server 為本地網路,註解需拿掉
# 定義子網路
subnet 192.168.8.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { # network
range 192.168.8.200 192.168.8.254; # Range
option domain-name-servers 192.168.8.1, 8.8.8.8; # Pri DNS , Sec DNS
option domain-name "com.tw"; # Domain name
option routers 192.168.8.1; # Gateway
option broadcast-address 192.168.8.255; # Broadcast
}
# 針對特定服務或裝置給定 IP
host ubuntu { #名稱隨意,最好是對方hostname
hardware ethernet 00:f0:m4:6y:89:0g; # 對方的 MAC
fixed-address 192.168.8.210; # 固定從 range 給定此 IP
}
Service start
sudo service isc-dhcp-server start
sudo service isc-dhcp-server stop
sudo service isc-dhcp-server restart
test
Client
test1:192.168.8.200
test1:192.168.8.201
Server
DHCP Server:192.168.8.60
DHCP Server
檢查是否分配
[itachi@ubuntu:~] sudo tail /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases